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Amuse-Bouche -- Explaining French to Americans

a sporadic column on the perils of learning French

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Showing posts with label hiking. Show all posts
Showing posts with label hiking. Show all posts

Thursday, July 15, 2010

Amuse-Bouche No. 23: Là-haut sur la montagne, l’était un vieux chalet . I learned that song in Girl Scouts.

Amuse-Bouche No. 23: Là-haut sur la montagne, l’était un vieux chalet
by Julia Frey (julia.frey@aya.yale.edu)

I learned that song in Girl Scouts. The reality is somewhat different.…

You know how all of France vacations at the beach in August? Not Auguste (my husband). We go to the mountains—hors saison (off-season). As a germanopratine (n., denizen of St-Germain-des-Prés in Paris), the only montagne I know well is the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève. So we’ve rented a gîte rural (literally, rural shelter, a self-catering cottage). Originally gîtes ruraux were inexpensive and extremely primitive. Nowadays, they come in all sizes and levels of luxury. Our “vieux chalet” even includes un crapaud—literally, a toad, here meaning the smallest size of grand piano, so called because of its squat shape. Lucky. Auguste’s violon d’Ingres (hobby) is the piano. (The painter Ingres was a serious amateur violinist.)

Our gîte is in an alpage (summer pasture), and this pré (meadow) is definitely not St-Germain. At twilight, farmers drive a snappy red cat’cat’ (quatre quatre, i.e., 4x4) to the fil électrifié (electric fence), open it, and honk discreetly to a herd of vaches Abondance (the local breed). The cows, rising gently from their ruminations, obediently follow the motorized cowherd down the hill to be milked.

Digression: vache seems to have a meaning for any occasion, from “Ah, la vache ! ” (said admiringly), to vachement (adv., very), to the expression “elle parle français comme une vache espagnole” (her French is incomprehensible). Most common isvache (adj., vindictive, mean). During the May,1968, student revolts, demonstrators carried signs reading “Mort aux vaches”—“death to cops,” although in the United States, “off the pigs” was the consecrated insult.

But retournons à nos moutons (let’s get back to the subject). Looking up from piano practice, Auguste announces, “On va faire une ballade.” A ballad? I’m no composer. The dictionary bails me out—ballade: (homonyme) balade. “Faire une balade: se promener sans but” (to take a walk without a goal). Sometimes the t in but is not pronounced, so watch your u. Don’t say sans bout, meaning without end, and a homonym for sans boue (without mud).

When Auguste says balade, it’s un euphémisme. He means une randonnée (hike), as in promenade longue et ininterrompue, not to mention exténuante (exhausting). “Mountain climbing is serious,” warns Auguste. He uses Cartes IGN (Institut Géographique National), official French hiking maps, which identify trails like the nationwide complex of GR (zhay-AIR) orsentiers de grande randonnéeGR is masculine, from sentier, even if randonnée is feminine. Mapped trails are balisé (blazed) with metal markers or blazes. But cutting balises into the bark is anti-écolo. Now they’re tacked or painted on posts, trees and rocks.

Auguste’s maps are full of mysteries. How do you tell a sentier (path) from a chemin (path) from a piste (path)? Even the French wonder. A sentier is a footpath, a chemin can be wider, a piste might be anything from drivable to skiable. Seriousalpinistes (mountaineers) often want more: une escalade (rock climbing), de la Varappe (scrambling), or una via ferrata (Italian—a cliff-front with pitons for roped climbing). Anxious about linguistic and geological pitfalls, I look up nants (streams), plans(small plateaux), and lapiaz (flat limestone with narrow, eroded crevices). Then I assemble my “ten essentials” for the hike:boussole (compass), chapeauanorak (foul weather gear), casse-croûte (emergency rations) eau (water), first-aid kit, lunettes solaires (sunglasses), écran solaire (sunscreen), lampe de poche (flashlight) and cell phone. On ne sait jamais… (you never know). Just in case, I bring GPS, insect repellent, a Mylar blanket, matches, bâtons de marche (hiking poles), une flasque of Cognac.

At the trailhead, Auguste gapes at me. “You want me to carry all that?” he says, “I may be your vache à lait [milk cow: i.e., moneybags], but I’m not a bourricot [burro].” He canters up the nearest slope, whinnying. I trudge behind, sweating, swearing and swatting flies, my essentiels dangling from my belt and backpack. Ce n’est pas joli (I’m not a pretty sight). Still, climbing through fields of alpine flowers, even I love the wind, sunshine and spectacular belvédères.

Auguste awaits me at the top, catching rays. “C’etait une montagne à vaches,” he says—an easy climb. And joy! At the peak there’s more than just the usual cairn with the names of other hikers who survived the climb. We have a civilized lunch in arefuge-restaurant, surrounded by groups of schoolchildren who intelligently came up on the chemin de fer à crémaillère (cog railway).

© 2010 Julia Frey

Amuse-Bouche No. 24: Kid Stuff -- “Comment vas-tu, yau de poêle ?”

Amuse-Bouche No. 24: Kid Stuff -- “Comment vas-tu, yau de poêle ?”

by Julia Frey (julia.frey@aya.yale.edu)

“C’est quoi, un yau ?”


“C'est quoi un yau ?” asks Auguste, reading his mél (slang for email, officially known as courriel, from Canadian French, a contraction of courrier éléctronique). Auguste quotes the perplexing sentence: “Comment vas-tu, yau de poêle?” It’s not in the dictionary. And poêle can mean anything from a coffin drapery to a wood stove to a skillet!

Thwarted, we ask Pascale, who lives next door. She laughs. “It doesn’t mean anything at all. It’s complete nonsense -- a non-sequiturfrom two unrelated expressions: ‘comment vas tu?’ and ‘tuyau de poêle (stovepipe)’. Kids use it as a greeting. Pascale, who often works in Canada, warns us to be careful of the word gosse (kid) which in Québec is widely used to mean testicules. Les bijoux de famille (the family jewels), quoi ?

But back to yau de poêle. You have to answer ‘Pas mal, et toi, le à matelas?’ ('Not bad, and you?' Followed by more nonsense to createtoile à matelas: mattress ticking) Non-sens total. Only the sound counts. There are lots of variantes : Bonjour à vous, te-plantaire (voûte plantaire - arch of the foot) ! Mes amitiés à votre épouse, de bambou (My greetings to your wife/pousse de bambou - bamboo sprout); Ca va ce matin, tin-au-tibet ? (How are things this morning/ plus a reference to children’s comic book Tin-Tin in Tibet).

Like camp songs and "knock-knock jokes", I guess this stuff can only be appreciated if you learned it in childhood. But childish language as a form of humor is deeply ingrained in French culture. Usually quantity is better than quality, intelligence not required. The only thing funnier than a meaningless non-sequitur is a long list of meaningless non-sequiturs. Cult figure Boby Lapointe (1922-1972), is loved for exactly this sort of whimsical word play. The closest French équivalent to the US songwriter and Harvard prof Tom Lehrer, Boby Lapointe was a brilliant mathematician/poet best known as the cabaret singer in François Truffaut’s Tirez sur le pianiste (1960). He once wrote a whole poem based on Comment vas tu/yau de poêle ?

(...) Ca va merci/bémol (Ok, thanks/B flat -- si bémol in French, but also a reference to the slang use of bémol to mean a disadvantage, i.e. 'not too good' )
Mais j'ai un rhume/négrita (But I have a cold/Négrita Rum)
Pour soigner ça/nitaire (To treat that/sanitary or plumbing installation)
Ce qu'il te faut/tographie (what you need/photograph)

...etc. etc for another thirty-six lines! But sometimes nonsense is not meant to be funny. Psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan (1901-1981), another cult figure, was attacked in a 1979 book called L'effet 'Yau de poêle de Lacan et des Lacaniens. In it, François George accuses Lacanian psychoanalysis of mystification (humbug), for inventing abstruse vocabulary which has about as much content as the emperor’s new clothes.

Humor based on slightly different infantile verbal silliness appears in a Le Monde article on political “bla-bla”, where journalist Robert Solé produces a whole list of onomatopées hypocoristiques (onomatopoeic doubled-syllable baby-talk). He teases François Hollande (head of the French Socialist Party and former roommate of 2007 presidential candidate Ségolène Royal) for saying current French president Nicolas Sarkozy has gone from being the “président bling-bling” (flashy-- from American hip-hop slang meaning showy jewelry) to being the “président couac-couac”, doubling couac (false note, slang for glitch) to sound like the French version of “quack-quack”, (which any kid knows is actually said “coin-coin”). Solé suggests that if Hollande wants to run for president himself in 2012 after the current quinquennat (5-year presidential term, shortened in 2001 from the previous 7-year term, or septennat), when opportunity knocks (“toc-toc”), he will have to get in gear (“vroum-vroum”), move fast (“tagada-tagada” ) and above all not baby-talk French voters (“a-reu-a-reu” ).

The first sound French babies make is supposed to be a-reu a-reu. We Americans know our newborns say “ma-ma” and/or “da-da.”Dada in French is no word for beginners. It means horse or obsession (hobby horse), not to mention the name of a pre-Surrealist revolutionary literary and art movement. But apparently even les bébés know how to pronounce the French “R” perfectly at birth.

© 2010 Julia Frey